Text Steganography

A subject conceals information within apparently ordinary written text by manipulating characters, spacing, formatting, language patterns, or other textual features that are unlikely to attract attention during normal reading.

The visible content may appear to be a legitimate email, document, chat message, report, source-code comment, or other written communication. Hidden information may be encoded through additional spaces or tabs, capitalization, punctuation, selected words, spelling variations, character placement, font changes, Unicode substitutions, zero-width characters, or bidirectional control characters.

Text steganography may be used to communicate small quantities of sensitive information, instructions, identifiers, authentication material, or encoded content without creating an obvious attachment or visible block of ciphertext.